What Was the Congo Massacre?

By Bill Weber

See the Main Article: “Only One Life” 

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In the 1960s the world witnessed the beginning of the end of colonialism in sub-Saharan Africa as one by one countries broke away from European administrative rule. In many of these countries, the transition to a national government was a very painful process. Wars were waged for independence as autonomy was rarely granted freely.

The various ethnic groups and political parties of these divided nations vied for control. Conflict with the colonial powers often escalated to violent power struggles within the country.

The changing landscape in Africa led to instability in these nations affecting all of society, from the highest levels of government in major cities to life in rural villages. Insufficient numbers of nationals were prepared, either by education or experience, to assume leadership roles in government, business, commerce, and international relations.

The Belgian Congo experienced the end of colonial rule early. The movement toward Congolese nationals assuming more leadership roles began in the 1950s. In 1960 the Republic of the Congo was recognized as a country free from Belgium. Five more years of instability, rioting, and bloodshed followed until a more stable government came into power in 1965.

During these years of uncertainty, missionaries moved into the Congo eager to meet the great humanitarian needs and seeking opportunities for evangelism. Numerous missionaries were imprisoned, raped, tortured, and killed. They are often referred to as the “Congo Martyrs.”

 

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Bill Weber teaches missions at Cincinnati (Ohio) Christian University.